QUANTUM COMPUTING

Prelims level : Cyber Space Challenges Mains level : GS-III Awareness of Nano-technology
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Why in News?

  • Recently quantum processor of Google solved a problem in just 3 minutes.

About:

  • It describes the point where quantum computers can do things that classical computers cannot.
  • Google had achieved Quantum Supremacy by solving a problem which even with the most powerful classical computer available today would take about 10,000 years to solve in just 3 minutes.

Significances:

  • Help to discover exotic materials for variety of requirements.
  • Provide fool proof cryptographic protection against online frauds.
  • Enable drug discovery to fight diseases.
  • Design efficient batteries.
  • Smarter devices and gadgets.

Qubit/Quantum Bit

  • It is the basic unit of quantum information.
  • It is a two-state quantum mechanical system, one of the simplest quantum systems displaying the peculiarity of quantum mechanics.
  • In a classical system, a bit would have to be in one state or the other.
  • Quantum mechanics allows the qubit to be in a coherent superposition of both states simultaneously, a property which is fundamental to quantum mechanics and quantum computing.
  • The power of the quantum computer comes from its inherent parallelism, the ability to manipulate a large collection of qubits in one shot in ways that a classical computer will not be able to match up.
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