Hammerhead shark refuge found in Galapagos
10, Mar 2019
Prelims level : Animal Species
Mains level : GS – III
A new breeding ground for endangered hammerhead sharks has been found in the Galapagos Islands. This natural refuge off the island of Santa Cruz is home to about 20 sharks.
About Hammerhead Shark:
- The hammerhead sharks are a group of sharks in the family Sphyrnidae, so named for the unusual and distinctive structure of their heads, which are flattened and laterally extended into a “hammer” shape called a cephalofoil.
- Most hammerhead species are placed in the genus Sphyrna, while the winghead shark is placed in its own genus, Eusphyra.
- Many, but not necessarily mutually exclusive, functions have been proposed for the cephalofoil, including sensory reception, manoeuvering, and prey manipulation.
- Hammerheads are found worldwide in warmer waters along coastlines and continental shelves.
- Unlike most sharks, hammerheads usually swim in schools during the day, becoming solitary hunters at night.
- Some of these schools can be found near Malpelo Island in Colombia, the Galapagos Islands in Ecuador, Cocos Island off Costa Rica, and near Molokai in Hawaii.