1. Consider following statements about biotic interaction between different species:

1. 1. Commensalism – One benefits and other is unaffected.
2. 2. Amensalism – One benefits and other is harmed.
3. 3. Competition – Both are harmed.

Which of the above pairs are correctly matched?

2. The nitrogen fixation process carried out by bacteria can’t take place in presence of:

3. Bio-mineralization is the process by whichliving organisms produce minerals. Which of the following pairs of organisms are involved in the process of bio-mineralisation?

1. 1. Diatoms – produces calcium
2. 2. Coral – produces calcium
3. 3. Radiolarians – produces silica
4. 4. Mollusc shells – produces phosphate carbonate

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4. Which of the followings statements with respect to different ecosystems are correct?

1. 1. Faster moving water supports more biodiversity.
2. 2. Prairies are temperate grassland with few trees, large shrubs and tall grasses.
3. 3. Desert vegetation consists of bushes, shrubs and occasional trees.
4. 4. Higher altitude mountain vegetation consists of coniferous forests.

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5. Which of the following statement defines the term ‘Genetic Drift’?

6. Which of the following statement is incorrect about chemolithotroph?

7. Which of the following terminologies is/are correct?

1. 1. BIOACCUMULATION – The addition of microorganisms to waste sites so that the hazardous wastes are rendered harmless.
2. 2. BIOAUGMENTATION – Concentration of a chemical agent (e.g. DDT) in the increasing amount in the organisms of a food chain.
3. 3. BIOLEACHING – The use of bacteria to recover, valuable metals from ores.

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8. Consider the following statements about Colony collapse disorder:

1. 1. It is rapid loss of a Bee colony’s working population.
2. 2. It occurs due to overuse of Pesticides.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

9. Which of the following statement defines the term “Paleoecological web”?

10. Consider the following statements regarding Humus:

• 1. Humus is dark coloured amorphous substance.
• 2. It increases soil water absorption, and improves soil workability.
• 3. Humus is not resistant to microbial action and undergoes very fast decomposition.
  Which of the above statements are correct?

11. Choose the correct statement(s):

1. 1. Soil steaming is a sustainable agriculture technique for soil treatment.
2. 2. Soil steaming involves the use of mild chemicals for soil sterilization in which pests of plant cultures are killed due to physical degeneration of their cell structures.

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12. Which of the following features make a species susceptible to extinction?

1. 1. Small population size
2. 2. Fixed migratory route and habitat
3. 3. Small geographical range
4. 4. Lower status of trophic level
5. 5. Lack of genetic variability

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13. Which of the followings are true characteristics of agro-ecosystems?

1. 1. Species diversity is lowest.
2. 2. Highly stable and self-sustaining.
3. 3. Attract weeds and susceptible to plant diseases.
4. 4. Soil are poor, deficient in nutrients,require supplement of chemical or fertilizers.
5. 5. Need artificial irrigation and water management.

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14. Which of the following is/are true about organic farming?

1. 1. GM crops are allowed in organic farming.
2. 2. Use of fertiliser is strictly prohibited.
3. 3. Arunachal Pradesh has been declared as the first organic state of India.

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15. Which of the following statements is/are true about Eutrophication?

1. 1. It is a form of water pollution results into sudden explosive growth of plants and algae.
2. 2. It is the result of excess nutrients added into a standing water body.
3. 3. It leads to ocean acidification.

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16. With reference to the social forestry consider the following statements:

1. 1. Social forestry aims at supplying goods and services to meet the increasing resource demands.
2. 2. Social forestry aims at waste land management by encouraging forestry land use on slope and upstream.
3. 3. Social forestry is done on government land in rural area to increase forest cover.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

17. Which of the following are the parameters for defining water quality?

1. 1. Turbidity
2. 2. Chemical Oxygen Demand
3. 3. Hardness due to presence of Arsenic,Cadmium and Chromium.

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18. Which of the following are the functions of the soil?

1. 1. Intake and retention of water in soil, while maintaining adequate aeration.
2. 2. Soil stores and moderates the release of bio-cycles nutrients.
3. 3. Regulate and partition water flow and storage in the environment.
4. 4. Filtering and buffering of contaminants.

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19. Consider the following statements regarding an ecosystem:

1. 1. Non living components of the environment are not the part of ecosystem.
2. 2. Edaphic factors are the components of ecosystem.
3. 3. Biome is the form of sub continental ecosystem having similarity in vegetation.
4. 4. Ecosystem is the structural and functional unit of the biosphere.

Select the correct answer from below given codes:

20. Which of the following categories of Ecosystem Services is/are correctly matched?

1. 1. Provisioning Services : Proving food, raw material & water.
2. 2. Supporting Services : Carbon Sequestration.
3. 3. Cultural Services : Recreational activities.

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