Parakram Diwas (23rd January) 2023

Why in News?

• On the Occasion of Parakram Diwas (23rd January) 2023, 21 unnamed islands of Andaman and Nicobar have recently been named after Param Veer Chakra awardees.

Highlights

• It is named after Param Vir Chakra awardees will be the site of inspiration for generations to come. People are now visiting Andamans to learn India’s history.
• Param Vir Chakra is India’s highest military decoration awarded for displaying distinguished acts of valour during wartime whether on land, at sea or in the air.
• It aims to pay tribute to Indian heroes, several of whom had made the ultimate sacrifice to protect the sovereignty and integrity of India.
• The Islands have been named after Major Somnath Sharma, Subedar and Hony Captain (then Lance Naik) Karam Singh, Nayak Jadunath Singh, etc.
• Subhas Chandra Bose was born on 23rd January 1897, in Cuttack, Orissa Division, Bengal Province, to Prabhavati Dutt Bose and Janakinath Bose.
• In 1919, he had cleared the Indian Civil Services (ICS) examination. Bose, however, resigned later.
• He was highly influenced by Vivekananda’s teachings and considered him as his spiritual Guru.
• His political mentor was Chittaranjan Das.
• He stood for unqualified swaraj (independence), and opposed the Motilal Nehru Report which spoke for dominion status for India.
• He actively participated In the Salt Satyagraha of 1930 and vehemently opposed the suspension of Civil Disobedience Movement and signing of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact in 1931.
• In the 1930s, he was closely associated with left politics in Congress along with Jawaharlal Nehru and M.N. Roy.
• Bose won the congress presidential elections at Haripura in 1938.
• Again in 1939 at Tripuri, he won the presidential elections against Gandhi’s candidate Pattabhi Sitarammayya. Due to ideological differences with Gandhi, Bose resigned and left congress. Rajendra Prasad was appointed in his place.
• He founded a new party, ‘the Forward Bloc’. The purpose was to consolidate the political left and major support base in his home state Bengal.